Ƙoƙarin da Babban Bankin Nijeriya (CBN) yake yi ta hanyar bijiro da tsare-tsaren da ke daƙile hauhawar farashi da tsadar rayuwa yana ci gaba da samar da gagarumar nasara.
Bisa la’akari da rahoton jadawalin farashi na gejin adadin ƙarfin aljihun abin da magidanci ke iya saye, wato ‘Consumer Price Index’ (CPI), wanda Hukumar Ƙididdigar Alƙaluman Bayanai ta Ƙasa (NBS) ta wallafa kwanan nan, ya nuna tabbas malejin tsadar rayuwa ya ragu daga kashi 21.88 a cikin watan Yuli, zuwa kashi 20.12 a cikin watan Agusta.
Masana tattalin arziki na ganin yadda CBN ya maida hankali wajen daƙile hauhawar farashin kayayyaki hujja ce ƙarara da ke tabbatar da cewa ta hanyar saukar malejin hauhawar farashi ne hada-hadar kasuwanci da cinikayya da tattalin arziki za su iya ɗorawa, kamar yadda wani rahoto da jaridar The Nation ta buga a ranar Lahadi.
Jaridar ta nuna cewa saukar farashin kayayyaki da ɗorewar darajar Naira a hada-hadar musayar kuɗaɗen waje, su ne ginshiƙai biyu da Babban Banki ba zai taɓa yin wasa da su ba. To haka shi ma Babban Bankin Najeriya (CBN) ya aminta da cewa samun waɗannan nasarorin biyu ne ke jaddada tasirin kyawawan tsare-tsaren da yake bijiro da su.
Misali, Kwamitin Bada Shawarwarin Tsare-tsaren Tattalin Arziki ga CBN, wato MPC, wanda kuma CBN ɗin ne ke jagorantar sa, ya dakatar da takure tsare-tsaren adadin kuɗaɗen ruwa da bankuna za su riƙa karɓa, tun a cikin watan Fabrairu, 2025.
Sun yi hakan ne inda suka ci gaba da amincewa Ƙayyadajjen Adadin Kuɗin Ruwa (MPR) na kashi 27.5 bisa 100. Wannan shi ne tsarin tsaida ƙayyadajjen adadin kuɗin ruwa da aka yi tun bayan watan Mayu, 2022.
Ana cimma wannan matsaya ce, yayin da a gefe ɗaya ana maida hankali wajen saisaita farashi domin a daƙile hauhawar farashin kayayyaki tare da bayar da ƙofar da Naira za ta yi daraja a hada-hada.
Wannan tsari da aka fito da shi kuwa yana ci gaba da haihuwar ‘ya’ya masu idanu, kamar dai yadda muke gani alƙaluman ƙididdigar bayanan saukar malejin tsadar rayuwa da farashin kayayyaki wanda NBS ta bayyana kwanan nan suka tabbatar.
Rahoton ya nuna yadda aka samu sauƙin tsada har ɗigo 176, wato da ga kashi 21.88 a cikin watan Yuli zuwa kashi 20.12 a cikin watan Agusta.
Wannan sauƙi da aka samu kuwa shi ne rangwame na biyar da aka riƙa samu duk wata a jere, tun daga watan Afrilu, wanda kuma ya ma zarce adadin rangwamen da aka yi kintacen za a iya samu. Kuma dama masu nazari da bin-diddigin alƙaluman tattalin arzikin ƙasa sun yi tsammanin za a riƙa tafiya ana samun wannan sassauci.
Saukar Farashin Kayan Abinci:
Rahoton CPI ya nuna yadda farashin kayan abinci ya sauka da ɗigo 87, daga kashi 22.74 cikin watan Yuli, ya dawo ƙasa zuwa kashi 21.87 cikin watan Agusta. Wannan saukar malejin tsadar kayan abinci kuwa na da nasaba da saukar farashin kayan abinci da suka haɗa da shinkafa, garin dawa, garin fulawa, garin masara, gero, madarar waken soya da sauran kayan abinci da dama.
Sannan kuma malejin tsadar rayuwa na game-gari da ya ƙunshi komai banda amfanin gona da makamashi ya ragu da ɗigo 100 cur, daga kashi 21.33 cikin watan Yuli, zuwa kashi 20.33 cikin watan Agusta.
NBS ta buga rahoton cewa malejin tsadar rayuwa ya sauka ƙasa sosai da ɗigo 33, inda ya yi ƙasa zuwa kashi 21.88 a watan Yuni, idan aka yi la’akari da yadda yake a kashi 22.22 a watan Yuni. Malejin tsadar rayuwa ko hauhawar farashin kayayyaki ya sauka ƙasa daga kashi 22.97 a watan Mayu, zuwa kashi 22.22 a watan Yuni. A nan kuma an samu rangwame har na ɗigo 75.
Haka kuma jadawalin ya ci gaba da nuna yadda aka samu saukar malejin tsadar rayuwa da ɗigo 52, wato da kashi 23.71 cikin Afrilu. Idan za a tuna kuwa za a fahimci cewa a watan Maris malejin ya cilla sama sai da dangana har kashi 24.23, daga kashi 23.18 ɗin da yake a watan Fabrairu.
Masana tattalin arziki da dama sun danganta wannan hoɓɓasa da irin bunƙasa da gagarumar faɗaɗar tattalin arziki . Sai kuma yadda Naira ke ci gaba da ƙwatar wa kan ta ƙarin daraja a kasuwar hada-hada da musayar kuɗaɗen waje.
Sun ce, “Malejin tsadar kaya da na rayuwa zai ci gaba da sauka, bisa la’akari da yadda Naira ke ƙara darajar a gogayyar da take yi da Dala, inda a yanzu har Dala ɗaya ta koma N1,500.
“Sannan ɗagawar daraja da Naira ke yi ya kai ga asusun kuɗaɗen wajen Najeriya ya kai har Dala biliyan 41.7. Ga shi kuma sai haske da tagomashin shigowar kuɗaɗen waje Najeriya ke ci gaba da ƙara samu ta hanyar cinikayya, wanda a yanzu ita ke kan gaba a faɗin Afrika.”
Ƙoƙarin Daƙile Tsadar Rayuwa:
A ƙoƙarin sa na daƙile tsadar rayuwa da hauhawar farashi, kwanan nan Babban Bankin Najeriya ya shirya taron Masu Ruwa Da Tsaki Kan Tsare-tsaren Tattalin Arziki, waɗanda suka haɗa da wakilai daga hukumomin harkokin kuɗaɗe, wakilai daga Majalisar Tarayya, masu masana’antu, ƙungiyoyin haɗa ƙarfin jari da masana tattalin arziki.
A taron an tattauna matakan hana malejin tsadar rayuwa da hauhawar farashi cillawa sama.
Da yake jawabi, Gwamnan Babban Bankin Najeriya, Olayemi Cardoso ya bayyana cewa CBN ya maida hankali kacokam wajen daƙile hauhawar farashi, hana malejin tsadar rayuwa cillawa sama, dawo wa magidanci da nauyin aljihun ƙarfin sayen kayan masarufi bakin gwargwado, ta hanyar bunƙasa tattalin arziki.
“Kuma waɗannan matakai suna haifar da ɗa mai ido: ana samun farfaɗowar darajar Naira, rage tazarar bambanci a musayar kuɗaɗen waje, sai kuma ƙara cikar da asusun kuɗaɗen waje na Gwamnatin Tarayya zuwa sama da Dalar Amurka biliyan 40 a ƙarshen Disamba 2024,” inji Cardoso.
Sai kuma ƙoƙarin da CBN ke kan yi wajen ƙarfafa jarin bankunan kasuwanci, ta yadda ya gindaya masu sharuɗɗan mafi ƙanƙantar jarin bankunan kasuwanci, dokar da za ta fara aiki a cikin watan Maris, 2026. Hakan zai tabbatar ga Najeriya ta cika ƙudirin ta na ganin ƙarfin tattalin arzikin ta ya kai gejin Dala tiriliyan ɗaya.
Fata Nagari Lamiri:
A nasu nazarin, gamayyar ƙungiyar IMPI, wadda ke bin-diddigin tsare-tsaren tattalin arziki, ta yi kyakkyawan hasashen cewa malejin tsadar rayuwa zai ci gaba da yin ƙasa har sai ya sauka zuwa kashi 17 zuwa ƙarshen Disamba 2025.
Tun da farko, Cardoso ya yi nuni da cewa an yi hasashen malejin tsadar rayuwa a duniya zai sauka ƙasa zuwa kashi 3.5 cikin 2025, wanda a cikin shekarar 2022 sai da ya cilla sama zuwa kashi 9.4.
Ya ce a yanzu manyan bankunan ƙasashe sannu a hankali suna sauƙaƙa matakai da ƙa’idojin hada-hadar kuɗaɗe, wanda hakan yana sake buɗe ƙofar da tattalin arzikin wannan zamani ke samun tagomashi a manyan kasuwannin hada-hada a faɗin duniya.
