Cikin makon jiya ne Babban Bankin Nijeriya (CBN) ya fitar da wani faifan bidiyo mai ɗauke da bayanan sigogi da illolin laifukan karkatar da kuɗaɗe ga ƙasar nan da kuma tattalin arzikin ta.
Bidiyon mai ɗauke da bayanan mintina kusan shida, ya kuma ƙunshi irin hukuncin da doka ta tanadar wa masu aikata laifukan karkatar da kuɗaɗe. Haka kuma ya zayyana dalla-dalla irin ƙoƙarin da CBN haɗi da hukumomin EFCC da NFIU ke yi wajen sa-ido, bibiya, bankaɗowa da zaƙulo wuraren da ake karkatar da kuɗaɗen.
CBN ya bayyana aikin musamman da Sashen Bankaɗo Kuɗaɗen da aka Karkatar ta Hanyar Harƙalla (SCUML) ke yi, wato ‘Special Control Unit against Money laundering’.
Wannan sashe dai ya maida hankali ne wajen bibiya da sa-ido kan wasu manyan wuraren da ake hahahadar manyan kuɗaɗe, waɗanda ba cibiyoyin hadahadar kuɗi ba ne. Wato kamar manyan dillalan manyan gidaje da kadarori, manyan lauyoyi, manyan masu sayar da kayan alatu na alfarma masu tsada, kantinan hadahada na zamani, ‘wato super market’, manyan gidajen raƙashewa da gidajen caca da sauran su.
Sanarwar CBN ta ce dukkan irin waɗannan wurare da ma wasu da za a lissafa a ƙasa, duk wurare ne da ake karkatar da kuɗaɗen da aka mallaka ta haramtacciyar hanya.
Sigogi, Illoli da Hukunce-hukunce Kan Harƙallar Karkatar da Kuɗaɗe:
Harƙallar karkatar da kuɗaɗe da aka sani da ‘money laundering’, hanya ce da ake karkatar da kuɗaɗen da aka samu ko aka tara ta haramtacciyar hanya, inda ake shigar da su cikin wata harka ko hadahada ta yadda a ido za a riƙa yi masu kallon kuɗaɗen da aka tara ta halattacciyar hanya.
Irin kuɗaɗen da ake karkatarwar sun ƙunshi kuɗaɗen da aka tara ta hanyar safarar muggan ƙwayoyi, kuɗaɗen zamba, kuɗaɗen damfara, kuɗaɗen rashawa da cin hanci, kuɗaɗen da aka karkatar don kauce wa biyan haraji da sauran su.
Hanyar farko da ake bi wajen karkatar da irin waɗannan maƙudan kuɗaɗe ita ce ta hanyar kimshe a bankuna ko ta hanyar sayen manyan kadarori da kuɗin.
Akwai kuma hanya ta biyu, wato ta hanyoyin riƙa tuttura kuɗaɗen a hadahadar kamfanonin ɗanyen mai irin su Shell, kimshe su a asusun ajiyar kuɗaɗen hadahadar ɗanyen mai a ƙasashen waje ta hanyar ɓoye salsalar harƙallar da aka yi har aka tara kuɗaɗen. Ana yin haka ne da nufin wai don kada hukuma ta zaƙulo inda aka kimshe kuɗaɗen.
Hanya ta uku kuwa ita ce hanyar sake narka kuɗaɗen cikin ƙasa, ta yadda za a riƙa yi masu kallon halastattun kuɗaɗe. Wato zai a zuba su matsayin hannun jari, ko a riƙa gina maka-makan rukunin gidaje ko manyan cibiyoyin kasuwanci wato ‘plaza’ da sauran hanyoyin kasuwanci.
Kaɗan daga illolin harƙallar karkatar da kuɗaɗe ita dakushe kaifi da ƙarfin cibiyoyin hadahadar kuɗi, kambama cin hanci da rashawa, yawaita masu aikata laifukan zamba, sai kuma kawo naƙasu ga tsarin hadahadar kuɗi ga ƙasa ɗungurugum.
Harƙallar karkatar da kuɗaɗe na kawo illa sosai ƙasa, ta hanyar cusa shakku ga masu zuba jari cikin ƙasa daga ƙasashen waje, kuma yana yi wa tattalin arziki mummunan zagon-ƙasa.
Dalili kenan hukumomi irin su EFCC, NFIU da kuma uwa-uba CBN ba su ɗauki shirin daƙile harƙallar karkatar kuɗaɗe da wasa ba. Ita kan ta dokar Nijeriya ta tanadi hukumcin ƙwace dukiya, ɗauri na dogon zango da tara mai tsanani ga duk wanda aka kama da laifin harƙallar karkatar da kuɗaɗe.
